A Comprehensive Review on Multi-Carrier Modulation Schemes, 5G and Various PAPR Minimization Techniques based on Machine Learning
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69996/jsihs.2025002Keywords:
PAPR, OFDM, FBMC, UFMC, GFDM, ML, 5GAbstract
The use of modulation methods in Fifth Generation (5G) wireless communication systems is essential for fulfilling the requirements of increased data rates, reduced latency, and enhanced connection. This entails the optimization of power spectral density (PSD), the improvement of data transmission reliability, and the reduction of bit error rates (BER) and interference. The aim of this article is to review the key modulation methods used in 5G. The various multi carrier modulation (MCM) schemes are Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), Filter Bank Multi-Carrier (FBMC), Universal Filtered Multi-Carrier (UFMC) and Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM). MCM techniques are used in 4G and 5G wireless communication networks. The main drawback of MCM technique is high Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR). This leads to increased complexity and expense of amplifiers, as well as higher costs and complexity of networks. Hence, it is essential to devise novel approaches to reduce the PAPR. This study provides a thorough examination of ways for optimizing PAPR, with a specific emphasis on machine learning (ML) approaches
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