Evaluation of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Drug–Drug Interactions in Elderly Polypharmacy Patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69996/fmep.2026034Keywords:
Pharmacodynamic Interactions, Polypharmacy, Cytochrome, Multiple ComorbiditiesAbstract
Elderly patients are highly susceptible to drug–drug interactions because of age-related physiological changes, multiple comorbidities, and extensive medication use. The present study evaluated pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions among elderly polypharmacy patients in a tertiary care hospital. A hospital-based observational study was conducted in patients aged 60 years and above receiving multiple medications. Drug interactions were assessed using standard interaction databases and categorized according to mechanism and severity. Results demonstrated that pharmacokinetic interactions involving cytochrome P450 enzyme inhibition and altered renal clearance were highly prevalent. Pharmacodynamic interactions associated with additive sedative effects, hypotension, and bleeding tendencies were also commonly identified. Polypharmacy, impaired renal function, and cardiovascular disease were significant predictors of DDIs. The study highlights the importance of individualized therapy, therapeutic monitoring, and pharmacist-led interventions in reducing interaction-related complications in geriatric patients.
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